Differential Thermography for Experimental, Full-Field Stress Analysis of Hip Arthroplasty

A hip prosthesis implant produces a significant deviation in the stress pattern compared with the physiologic condition. In this work, the stress patterns are evaluated experimentally on synthetic femora, by means of thermoelastic stress analysis. Two factors have been considered: stem implantation and head offset. Stress maps were obtained using differential thermography and correlated to these factors. Thermoelastic stress maps have demonstrated to be sensitive to the implant and the head offset. In detail, the standard deviation of stresses can reduce from –5% to –50% (with reference to the physiologic one), depending on stem design; peak stresses change their position or disappear for different implant position or press-fitting, the sensitivity of average stresses to the offset is at least equal to 0.07 MPa/mm. On the whole, a methodology was developed, allowing the experimental evaluation and comparison of the stress distributions produced by different implants.