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Existing research has explored how sustainable human resource management (sustainable HRM) generates enduring outcomes, but its theoretical foundation remains incomplete due to limited understanding of effective antecedents. Drawing on digital empowerment theory, this study develops a moderated mediation model to examine how digital transformation influences sustainable HRM. Using three-wave data from 356 employees across 49 Chinese firms, hierarchical regression, bootstrapping, and fsQCA analyses show that digital transformation positively affects sustainable HRM, human resource management strength mediates this effect, and digital leadership moderates the mediation. FsQCA further supports these results, offering insights for sustainable HRM advancement.
Li et al. (Wed,) studied this question.