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The need for sustainable fuels is on high rise due to energy needs in vehicles and power generation to ease human life. Ethanol blending and palm oil biodiesel are more promising options as an alternate fuel in spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. In the present study, a detailed review is carried out on ethanol and palm oil biodiesel production and policies for the Indian transportation sector. The use of 20% ethanol blending (by volume) with gasoline and biodiesel blending with diesel are suggested for optimal operation of the engines. The Government of India is poised to utilize the 20% blended fuel ethanol and biodiesel to fulfil the fuel demand for gasoline and diesel. Some policies 2003, 2005, 3028 and 2019 have been implemented and others are in process, targeting the roadmap for biodiesel production and blending up to 2030. Still, there is a need for systematic production policies, fuel storage guidelines, and green fuel implementation in Indian transport industries.
Parvez et al. (Thu,) studied this question.