Key result
Transglutaminase autoantibodies link to ~632% higher odds of psychotic disorders despite otherwise unconvincing biomarker evidence.
Why the study?
To comprehensively synthesize the evidence of association between peripheral, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and other biomarkers and diagnosis of psychotic disorders.
Do peripheral, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and other biomarkers associate with the diagnosis of psychotic disorders?
Systematic Review (n=392,210)
Do peripheral, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and other biomarkers associate with the diagnosis of psychotic disorders?
Odds Ratio: 7.32 (95% CI 3.36–15.94)
While several biomarkers show highly suggestive or suggestive evidence of association with psychotic disorders, no single biomarker has convincing evidence, highlighting the need for higher-quality research.
Strong transglutaminase autoantibody association with psychosis; supports hypothesis-generating research on autoimmune mechanisms but requires prospective validation before clinical use.
Background and Hypothesis This umbrella review aims to comprehensively synthesize the evidence of association between peripheral, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and other biomarkers and diagnosis of psychotic disorders. Study Design We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies on diagnostic biomarkers for psychotic disorders, published until February 1, 2018. Data extraction was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Evidence of association between biomarkers and psychotic disorders was classified as convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or non-significant, using a standardized classification. Quality analyses used the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Study Results The umbrella review included 110 meta-analyses or systematic reviews corresponding to 3892 individual studies, 1478 biomarkers, and 392 210 participants. No factor showed a convincing level of evidence. Highly suggestive evidence was observed for transglutaminase autoantibodies levels (odds ratio [OR] = 7.32; 95% CI: 3.36, 15.94), mismatch negativity in auditory event-related potentials (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.96), P300 component latency (SMD = −0.6; 95% CI: −0.83, −0.38), ventricle-brain ratio (SMD = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.71), and minor physical anomalies (SMD = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.34). Suggestive evidence was observed for folate, malondialdehyde, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, homocysteine, P50 sensory gating (P50 S2/S1 ratio), frontal N-acetyl-aspartate, and high-frequency heart rate variability. Among the remaining biomarkers, weak evidence was found for 626 and a non-significant association for 833 factors. Conclusions While several biomarkers present highly suggestive or suggestive evidence of association with psychotic disorders, methodological biases, and underpowered studies call for future higher-quality research.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Fuentes‐Claramonte et al. (2024) conducted a systematic review in psychotic disorders (n=392,210). Diagnostic biomarkers was evaluated on Diagnosis of psychotic disorders (transglutaminase autoantibodies levels) (OR 7.32, 95% CI 3.36-15.94). Among 1,478 evaluated biomarkers for psychotic disorders, none showed convincing evidence, though transglutaminase autoantibodies showed highly suggestive evidence (OR 7.32; 95% CI 3.36-15.94).
Synapse has enriched 4 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: