Examining the Distribution of Total Internal Energy in Tig Welding Electrode Tips

Controlling the distribution of total internal energy across the electrode surface is essential for precise control of the TIG welding process. This study makes a significant contribution through numerical modeling using COMSOL Multiphysics software to validate previous research results. The objective is to analyze the evolution of this energy distribution as a function of current intensity, focusing on the effects of Joule heating and the associated heat dissipation mechanisms. Simulations conducted for different current intensities (110 A, 140 A, 170 A, and 200 A) confirm that increasing current results in significant heating of the electrode, primarily due to the material's electrical resistance. Internal thermal conduction redistributes this energy across the surface, while convection cooling plays a stabilizing role by limiting overheating. Using multiphysics modeling, this study confirms previous observations on cathode/arc coupling and demonstrates the value of simulation in anticipating complex thermal phenomena. These results open up prospects for optimizing welding parameters, improving weld quality, and developing more efficient welding technologies.