Kulattha (Dolichos Biflorus Linn.) as a Functional Food: An Integrative Review of Brihatrayi and Ethnobotanical Evidence

Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn.), commonly known as horse gram, mentioned as both a dietary and therapeutic substance in Ayurveda. Methodology: The present study will focus on the potential of herb Kulattha narrated by Brihatrayi - Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya and Ethnobotanical Evidence. Results: The analysis of Rasapanchaka revealed the predominance of Kashaya Rasa, Ushna Virya, and Agni–Vayu–Prithvi Mahabhuta dominance, supporting its Deepana, Pachana, Lekhana, and Srotoshodhana properties. Classical references describe Kulattha(Dolichos biflorus Linn.), as beneficial in conditions such as Kasa (cough), Shwasa (dyspnoea), Peenasa (sinusitis), Arsha (haemorrhoids), Gulma (abdominal masses), and Ashmari (urinary calculi). Ethnobotanical evidence demonstrates its widespread use in traditional food preparations including Kollu Podi, Rasam, Masiyal, Paratha, and Idli, which are consumed for weight management, respiratory health, digestive support, and metabolic disorders. Nutritionally, Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn.), is rich in protein, dietary fibre, iron, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and manganese while possessing low fat content and a low glycaemic index. Conclusion: Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn.), as a valuable functional food capable of promoting health, preventing disease, and supporting overall well-being.