Tumor membrane-cloaked MXene nanoplatform enables homologous targeting and potent photothermal therapy (PTT) for uveal melanoma (UM)

This study successfully developed MXene@TM, a tumor-membrane-encapsulated MXene biomimetic nanoplatform, and systematically evaluated its potential for application in uveal melanoma. The results showed that, following tumor membrane encapsulation, the material exhibited increased particle size and altered surface potential, yet retained good dispersibility, structural stability, and near-infrared absorption capacity, while demonstrating excellent concentration-dependent, power-dependent, and cycle-stable photothermal performance. In vitro experiments demonstrated that MXene@TM enhances tumor cell uptake and significantly increases tumor cell killing upon near-infrared laser irradiation. In vivo studies further confirmed that MXene@TM exhibits stronger antitumor effects, with the most pronounced tumor growth inhibition observed following combined laser irradiation. Meanwhile, H&E staining of major organs indicated that this system possesses good in vivo biosafety. Overall, by combining tumor membrane-mediated homotargeting properties with the highly efficient photothermal conversion capability of MXene, MXene@TM offers a promising biomimetic nanotherapeutic strategy for the precision treatment of UM.