Reshaping the form of any city is a complex challenge because of the durability of fixed investment and the slow process of property redevelopment in countries where surrounding landowners have the right to contest any proposals for change. Transforming South African cities is proving to be doubly difficult because of the degree of social inequality inscribed into the built environment, coupled with new and inexperienced civic leadership.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Human Sciences Research Council (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: