Three new lanostane-type triterpenoids with cytotoxic activity from the Ganoderma leucocontextum

Ganoderma leucocontextum, a valuable medicinal mushroom from Tibet, is rich in bioactive metabolites. In this study, three new lanostane-type triterpenoids (ganoleucocontins S–U, 1–3) were isolated from its ethanol extract via repeated column chromatography and HPLC, and their structures, including planar skeletons and stereochemical configurations, were determined through detailed spectroscopic analyses using HRTOFMS and NMR. All compounds feature a classic lanostane scaffold with high oxygenation. Cytotoxicity assays showed they exerted moderate inhibitory effects on the HepG2 cell line, with IC50 values of 22.15 ± 2.62, 35.24 ± 4.45, and 19.86 ± 4.33 μM, respectively. These findings enrich the structural diversity of Ganoderma triterpenoids and highlight their potential as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma leads.