Where are cigarettes cheaper? Area-level and store-type differences in price in US cities

Introduction Previous studies examined area-level differences in menthol and non-menthol cigarette prices, finding cigarettes tend to cost less in neighborhoods with lower household income, higher percentage of youth, and higher percentage of Black residents. Previous studies of store-type differences in cigarette price found lower prices in pharmacies compared to convenience stores. In a representative sample of urban cigarette retailers, this study examined differences in advertised cigarette prices by store type and neighborhood demographics. Methods In a random sample of 1489 cigarette retailers in 26 US cities, data collectors recorded five single-pack prices: Marlboro Red and menthol (Philip Morris USA), Newport menthol and Camel Crush (RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company), and cheapest pack regardless of brand (June-August, 2022). General Estimation Equations tested differences in cigarette price (including taxes) by store type and store-neighborhood demographics. Results Pharmacies sold premium cigarette brands at lower prices than all other store types, except for Newport menthol in tobacco specialty shops. Associations of price with neighborhood demographics varied by manufacturer. Marlboro (Philip Morris) prices decreased as the percentage of youth in neighborhoods increased. Newport menthol and Camel Crush (RJ Reynolds) prices decreased as percentage of minoritized population increased. Price of cheapest pack decreased as the percentage of youth increased. Conclusions Pharmacies were the cheapest retail source for cigarettes. With the caveat that this study is cross-sectional and observational, area-level differences in cigarette price were consistent with tobacco industry documents about marketing to youth and to racial/ethnic subgroups. Laws mandating tobacco-free pharmacies and minimum prices are recommended.