Key result
Combining the ankle-brachial index with the supine α1_ratio of pulse arrival time improved sensitivity for detecting peripheral arterial disease to 92.9% compared to 78.6% for ABI alone.
Why the study?
The accuracy of ankle-brachial index testing for screening peripheral arterial disease has been doubted, particularly in patients with incompressible arteries due to calcification.
Does the addition of DFA-derived multi-site pulse arrival time indicators to ABI improve the detection of peripheral arterial disease compared to ABI alone?
Cross-Sectional (n=14)
Does the addition of DFA-derived multi-site pulse arrival time indicators to ABI improve the detection of peripheral arterial disease compared to ABI alone?
Absolute Event Rate: 92.9% vs 78.6%
Short-scale DFA coefficients of multi-site PAT in supine posture can serve as a useful auxiliary to ABI for improving the sensitivity of peripheral arterial disease detection.
Novel DFA-based RRI/PAT metrics may aid PAD screening where ABI fails; hypothesis-generating, requiring validation before clinical consideration.
The ankle-brachial index (ABI) test is a common tool used for screening peripheral arterial disease (PAD), but its accuracy has been doubted especially in patients with incompressible arteries attributed to calcification. Advanced wearable sensing technologies have potential to offer novel solutions for PAD assessment. This study investigated several novel indicators using the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) on beat-to-beat RR interval (RRI) and pulse arrival time (PAT) from the four limbs of 7 young healthy and 7 elderly PAD subjects in supine and sitting postures. The auxiliary value of these indicators in addition to ABI for PAD assessment was also studied using a binary logistic regression model. The results showed that the short-scale DFA coefficients (α1) of RRI, α1 of PATs of fingers and α1_ratio of PAT (the ratio of α1 of PAT between the ipsilateral finger and toe) in supine posture, were significantly different between the PAD and healthy groups (1.26 ± 0.24 vs 0.76 ± 0.21, 1.03 ± 0.30 vs 0.68 ± 0.19, and 0.84 ± 0.20 vs 1.42 ± 0.47, respectively, p < 0.05), and the α1 of RRI and α1_ratio of PAT were not significantly influenced by postural change. Moreover, using ABI together with the supine α1_ratio of PAT was more sensitive in detecting PAD (sensitivity = 92.9%) than ABI alone (78.6%) with the same specificity of 100%. The short-scale DFA coefficients of multi-site PAT in supine posture, which can be measured by wearable devices, is an auxiliary to ABI for detecting PAD.
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Geng et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Peripheral arterial disease (n=14). ABI combined with supine α1_ratio of PAT vs. ABI alone was evaluated on Sensitivity for detecting PAD. Combining the ankle-brachial index with the supine α1_ratio of pulse arrival time improved sensitivity for detecting peripheral arterial disease to 92.9% compared to 78.6% for ABI alone.
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