Association Between Maternal Factors and Perinatal Outcomes in Pre-Eclampsia Patients in Bangkalan, Indonesia

Background & Objective: Pre-eclampsia remains one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity. This study was conducted with aim to analyze maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes among pre-eclamptic patients and to evaluate the association between selected maternal factors and adverse neonatal outcomes.Materials & Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at RSUD Syarifah Ambami Rato Ebuh Bangkalan from January 1 to December 30, 2023. Among 840 pregnant women, 97 were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and included in the analysis. Maternal age, parity, Body Mass Index (BMI), pregnancy age, mode of delivery, neonatal birth weight, sex, and Apgar score were collected from medical records. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 29) and Chi-square test with a significance level of P<0.05.Results: Most patients were aged 21-35 years (70.1%), multigravida (58.8%), had normal BMI (96.9%), with pregnancy age ≥34 weeks (91.8%). Most neonates had normal birth weight (95.9%) and normal Apgar score (82.5%). A statistically significant association was found between gestational age and Apgar score (P=0.029). Other maternal characteristics were not significantly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes (P>0.05).Conclusion: Most pre-eclamptic patients in this study had favorable perinatal outcomes. Although significant associations were limited, careful antenatal monitoring remains essential to reduce the potential maternal and neonatal complications.