Compares passive behavior of carbon steel in simulated pore solutions, highlighting optimal performance in Ca(OH)₂ solution.
Which type of simulated pore solution best represents the actual concrete environment has long been a key concern for researchers. In the present study, the passive behavior of carbon steel in various simulated concrete pore solutions and in mortar was investigated using open circuit potential (OCP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott–Schottky analysis, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the corrosion current density and charge transfer resistance of carbon steel in saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution are closer to those observed in mortar samples. The donor density of the passive film formed on carbon steel in saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution was 2.60 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³, indicating optimal passivation performance. SEM and XPS analyses further confirmed that the passive film on carbon steel in saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution most closely resembled that formed in mortar. Therefore, saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution serves as an effective medium for simulating the concrete environment in investigations of the passive behavior of carbon steel.
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Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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