Hypoxic Preconditioning: An Underestimated Endogenous Protective Strategy?

Hypoxic Preconditioning (HPC) describes the phenomenon whereby brief, non-lethal hypoxic episodes enhance cellular resilience to subsequent severe hypoxia. Initially recognized in altitude studies, HPC has since been linked to broad protective effects, particularly in the protection of ischemia/hypoxia. This article highlights the biological rationale, potential mechanisms and applications, while addressing the challenges of clinical translation. As a form of endogenous adaptation, HPC offers a promising paradigm for preventive and therapeutic strategies across various diseases.