This study examines how incubator services affect startup growth and sustainability-oriented outcomes in Indonesia's new and renewable energy (NRE) sector. Indonesia provides a relevant setting because its large renewable energy potential coexists with regulatory complexity, infrastructure limitations, financing constraints, and uneven market readiness. The study adopts a mixed-methods design, combining a survey of 100 NRE startups analyzed using SmartPLS 4, 15 in-depth interviews with business incubators, and a focus group discussion with 10 key NRE stakeholders. The results show that training and networking significantly support startup growth, while networking also strengthens eco-innovation practices. Eco-innovation, in turn, positively influences environmental commitment, which contributes to startup growth. By contrast, capital support does not show a significant direct effect in the present model. The qualitative findings help explain these results by highlighting the importance of ecosystem access, specialized innovation support, and better alignment between funding design and startup needs. The study contributes by explaining how incubation support is translated into sustainability-oriented entrepreneurial outcomes in an emerging and institutionally complex NRE ecosystem, and it offers implications for incubators and policymakers seeking to strengthen green entrepreneurship in Indonesia.
Sugiarto et al. (Sat,) studied this question.