Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition defined by sustained elevated blood glucose and impaired insulin action, conditions that frequently give rise to diabetic dyslipidemia. This lipid disorder encompasses dangerous alterations in blood fat levels, most notably elevated triglycerides and depressed high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which together substantially heighten cardiovascular disease risk. Since abdominal adiposity amplifies these metabolic disturbances, structured lifestyle changes, especially exercise, are considered essential pillars of clinical management. The present investigation was designed to assess the effects of a 12-week hybrid exercise protocol combining aerobic and resistance modalities on obesity-related indices and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with T2DM-associated dyslipidemia. Objective The study’s objective is to determine the effectiveness of a 12-week hybrid exercise protocol on obesity indices and HRQoL in diabetic dyslipidemia. Study design and methodology This randomized controlled trial was conducted over one year at Krishna College of Physiotherapy. Fifty-seven participants aged 45-60 years with T2DM-associated dyslipidemia and BMI >25 kg/m² were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 28) or an experimental group (n = 29). Outcomes included body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio, suprailiac skinfold thickness, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HRQoL-4 scores. Assessments were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks. The control group continued routine activities and walking, while the experimental group underwent a 12-week hybrid exercise protocol comprising aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises. Results and comparative analysis Pre-intervention assessments confirmed that both groups were broadly equivalent at baseline, though the experimental cohort displayed comparatively higher central adiposity and lower HRQoL scores. After completing the 12-week program, participants in the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant reductions across all obesity-related measures, including BMI (p < 0.0001), waist circumference (p < 0.0001), and WHR (p < 0.0001). Marked improvements were also recorded across all HRQoL domains, with notable declines in activity-limiting days and total unhealthy days (p < 0.0001 for most outcomes). Between-group comparisons validated that the hybrid exercise protocol yielded substantially greater benefits than standard management in both body composition and perceived quality of life. Conclusion These results establish that a 12-week hybrid exercise protocol is highly effective in improving metabolic parameters, decreasing central fat deposition, and promoting psychological well-being in patients with diabetic dyslipidemia. The observed benefits are likely attributable to the complementary mechanisms of aerobic exercise, which enhances fat oxidation, and resistance training, which preserves lean muscle and elevates metabolic efficiency. Future investigations should incorporate larger, multi-site cohorts and more comprehensive inflammatory biomarkers to evaluate whether these gains are sustained over the long term.
Brahmadande et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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