What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to develop a visible-light-driven method for the β-CF2-pyridylation of styrenes without catalysts.

July 8, 2026

Visible‐Light‐Driven Three‐Component β‐CF 2 ‐Pyridylation of Styrenes via EDA Complex Formation

XLXin‐Lu LuoChina Three Gorges University JHJin-Yu HeChina Three Gorges University HKHan‐Han KongChina Three Gorges University

Key Points

The aim is to develop a visible-light-driven method for the β-CF2-pyridylation of styrenes without catalysts.
Utilized a three-component system involving bromodifluoroacetate and Hantzsch ester (HE).
Mechanistic studies assessed the radical pathway and EDA-mediated bond cleavage.
Successfully achieved β-CF2-pyridylated arenes under mild conditions.
Demonstrated effective CBr bond cleavage and radical coupling mechanisms.

Abstract

A visible‐light‐induced, catalyst‐free three‐component difluoroalkylpyridylation of styrenes is reported. This transformation proceeds via an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex formed between bromodifluoroacetate and Hantzsch ester (HE), enabling efficient access to β‐CF 2 ‐pyridylated arenes under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies support a radical pathway involving EDA‐mediated CBr bond cleavage and subsequent radical coupling. This method offers a sustainable strategy for incorporating both difluoromethylene and pyridine motifs into styrenes.

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