Comprehensive review evaluates solar-powered LED phototherapy effectiveness in neonates, suggesting sustainable implementation in resource-limited settings.
Neonatal jaundice remains a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review evaluates solar-powered LED phototherapy as a sustainable and cost-effective intervention for managing unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. A comprehensive literature review of studies published between 2000 and 2026 was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, AJOL, and medRxiv. Data were synthesized using a thematic and narrative approach. Findings indicate that solar-powered LED phototherapy systems can achieve therapeutic irradiance levels of 45–80 µW/cm²/nm with extended battery autonomy and stable thermal regulation. These systems significantly reduce dependence on unreliable electricity, lower operational costs, and improve accessibility in rural settings. Evidence from Nigerian studies demonstrates their feasibility, safety, and effectiveness. Solar-powered phototherapy presents a viable solution for improving neonatal outcomes in resource-limited settings, with recommendations for large-scale implementation and policy integration.
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