Neofascism and the Erosion of Normativity Subjectivation and Political Identity in the 21st Century

This article proposes a theoretical framework for analysing the contemporary emergence of neofascist forms of political identification. While much of the literature on democratic erosion has emphasised concepts like populism, institutional decline, or leadership dynamics, the sociological processes that render subjects receptive to neofascist identification remain insufficiently theorised. The article argues that these processes are linked to a broader erosion of normative universality that historically structured modern democratic coexistence. Through a conceptual reconstruction grounded in social theory, it identifies a series of mechanisms through which the weakening of shared normative frameworks enables the consolidation of exclusionary political identities. By shifting the focus from institutional transformations to processes of subjectivation, the article seeks to contribute to a sociological understanding of the conditions under which neofascist mobilisation becomes politically viable in the 21st century.