Examines emulsification effectiveness in D-phase systems, suggesting improved emulsifier selection.
) and a tendency to arrange orderly at the oil/glycerol interface, in comparison to those containing 6 or 60 hydrophilic groups. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) collectively verified that TS 30 and TIS 30 were capable of stabilizing the O/D phase and generating nanoemulsions with small and uniform droplet sizes. This study can enrich the basic studies on the interfacial mechanism involved in D-phase emulsification, providing theoretical references for D-phase emulsification and offering practical guidance for the rational selection of emulsifiers.
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Yang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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