Case report shows that immunochemotherapy has promising effects in high-risk lung cancer recurrence patients, suggesting new treatment options.
Airway mucosal recurrence after complete resection of primary lung cancer is rare and lacks standard treatment. We report a case of a 50-year-old male patient who underwent right upper sleeve lobectomy for lung squamous cell carcinoma(pT1bN0M0). He presented to us with an irritative cough 2 years later. Computed tomography and bronchoscopy revealed multiple recurrent polypoidal lesions in the trachea, with biopsy confirming recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. After restaging and multidisciplinary evaluation, the patient was offered immunochemotherapy. The recurrent mucosal lesions exhibited a favourable response to the combination of a PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy, suggesting a potentially effective strategy for high-risk patients.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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