Clinicians should apply HF trial results cautiously to adults ≥75 years; leaves open optimal GDMT selection and dosing in frail elderly.
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Esser et al. (2026) studied Heart Failure. Guideline-Directed Heart Failure Pharmacotherapy was evaluated. Representation of older adults aged ≥75 years remained <20% across pivotal heart failure trials due to explicit and indirect frailty exclusion criteria.
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