Background: This study aims to systematically review observational studies and, where possible, conduct a meta-analysis on the association between serum magnesium levels and Insulin Resistance (IR) in patients with T2DM. Method: All observational studies published in peer-reviewed journals in Google Scholar, PubMed Central and PubMed were searched to identify related articles published in previous 10 years up to 3rd March 2025 were included in our study. An analysis of studies that explored the relationship between magnesium intake, serum magnesium levels, and metabolic syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome or cardiac syndrome or morbidly obese individuals were excluded from our study. Result: A total of 22605 articles identified, and after excluding 22,580 articles based on their titles and abstracts, 16 of the remaining 25 full-text articles were also excluded. Finally, 9 articles were approved for the study and 8 articles for meta-analysis. RE (Random Effect) Model shows a negative correlation of -0.49, with a confidence interval of -0.76 to -0.23, suggesting a statistically significant negative association between serum magnesium and HOMA-IR in T2DM across the included studies. Conclusion: Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was reported to be substantially linked with hypomagnesemia in T2DM, this could also raise the risk of uncontrolled diabetes and its complications.
Kaur et al. (Mon,) studied this question.