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The paper examines low initial entropy in the early universe, proposing a new framework for understanding world formation.
The unusually low entropy of the early universe is one of the fundamental unresolved problems of modern cosmology. While thermodynamics and statistical mechanics provide compelling explanations for why entropy increases within existing physical systems, it remains largely unexplained why the universe began in a state of extraordinarily low entropy. This paper argues that the persistence of this problem may point not only to the absence of a physical explanation, but also to a methodological limitation inherent in the question itself.Rather than proposing an alternative cosmological model, the paper examines whether the question of low initial entropy already presupposes a physical state space whose conditions it is ultimately intended to explain. To this end, a distinction is drawn between physical state spaces, which describe the range of possibilities within an already world-bound physical reality, and a pre-ontological possibility space, which denotes the fundamental openness from which world-binding itself can emerge.Within this framework, world-binding is described as the result of an operatorial act of irreversible binding (indimergence), which necessarily constrains the pre-ontological possibility space, produces a relational shift, and thereby generates the selective structures from which physical state spaces become mathematically formulable. The unusually low initial entropy is therefore interpreted not as a new physical mechanism, but as a possible physical trace of such a preceding act of world-binding.The paper claims neither to redefine the concept of entropy nor to derive the laws of thermodynamics from pre-ontological principles. Instead, it proposes a methodological extension in which fundamental physical concepts are investigated as possible translations of more general conditions of world formation. Low initial entropy thereby serves as the first test case for a method of pre-ontological back-translation, which may, in future work, also be applied to other fundamental concepts of physics, including gravitation, spacetime curvature, and measurement processes.
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Timothy Speed (2026) studied this question.
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