Exploring Work Disengagement: A Descriptive Qualitative Study among Generation Z Nurses Working at a Regional Hospital, Thailand

Introduction Generation Z nurses are entering the healthcare workforce and are expected to become a main driving force in the nursing profession in the future. However, workplace challenges may lead to disengagement, contributing to their intention to leave the profession. This study aimed to explore the factors that reduce work engagement among Generation Z nurses working at a regional hospital in Thailand. Methods A descriptive qualitative design was used. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen Generation Z nurses working in a regional hospital. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Fifteen Generation Z nurses participated in this study, including 11 females and 4 males, aged 22-27 years. Data analysis yielded three main categories: (1) interpersonal and environmental challenges in the workplace, (2) strain arising from work demands, and (3) imbalance between work, personal life, and health. These themes reflected not only the impact of high work demands leading to workplace disengagement, but also issues related to workplace harassment and work-life imbalance. Discussion Generation Z nurses face multiple workplace challenges, including a lack of recognition and inappropriate behaviors, which undermine their professional value and confidence. These stressors, combined with heavy workloads and shift work, contribute to emotional exhaustion, burnout, and work-life imbalance. These findings can be explained by the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, which posits that high job demands reduce work engagement and emotional well-being. Conclusion The findings highlight the multifaceted challenges faced by Generation Z nurses. A supportive workplace environment, effective workload management, and strategies that promote work-life balance are essential to enhancing work engagement and retaining Generation Z nurses in the healthcare workforce.