Abstract Multihazard risk in coastal regions, for which different model-based assessments are employed to get detailed insights, still presents persistent uncertainties in representing localized impacts accurately. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate the methods adopted for coastal flood risk assessment (CFRA) by identifying various approaches to assess the severity and likelihood of coastal flood events. A systematic review was conducted using Scopus and Web of Science, identifying 76 relevant publications from an initial pool of 1119. The analysis involved quantitative appraisal using Microsoft Excel and qualitative descriptions under PRISMA in 2020. The review reveals various numerical models, statistical and probability models, empirical models, geospatial and image processing tools, decision-making approaches, and loss or damage functions that are utilized in different methodologies for improved risk assessment. This study highlights the advancements in hydrological modeling and climate projections, particularly with general circulation model (GCM) integration and multi-model approaches for CFRA. While considerable progress has been made in addressing complex coastal environments, challenges such as data accuracy, model uncertainty, and the need for more comprehensive flood risk analyses persist.
Kaur et al. (Thu,) studied this question.