The x-axis: the scientific and ethical issues of race and sex/gender as biological categories in research, teaching, and society

N C Holt; B D Nguyen; T Reitman; P Campbell; K Samuk; M Malone

doi:10.1093/icb/icag114

July 7, 2026Integrative and Comparative Biology

The x-axis: the scientific and ethical issues of race and sex/gender as biological categories in research, teaching, and society

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Key Points

This research investigates the scientific and ethical implications of categorizing race and sex/gender in various contexts. It aims to address how these categories impact research practices and societal perspectives.
Literature review on race and sex/gender categorization
Ethical analysis of existing research frameworks
Discussion of pedagogical approaches in teaching race and gender issues
Identified significant ethical challenges in using biological categorizations of race and gender.
Outlined potential biases and misinterpretations in research outcomes due to categorical definitions.
Proposed revised frameworks for understanding race and sex/gender in educational and research settings.

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Implication

Exploration of scientific and ethical challenges regarding race and sex/gender categories in research and society, highlighting implications for education.

Abstract

N C Holt, B D Nguyen, T Reitman, P Campbell, K Samuk, M Malone; The x-axis: the scientific and ethical issues of race and sex/gender as biological categori

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Holt et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a508e5b6eeac72a437a13b8 https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icag114

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The x-axis: the scientific and ethical issues of race and sex/gender as biological categories in research, teaching, and society

Key Points

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Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

The x-axis: the scientific and ethical issues of race and sex/gender as biological categories in research, teaching, and society

Key Points

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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