Development of a theory-based provider-focused training to improve HPV vaccine recommendations for young adults

In the United States (US), only 47% of young adults (18-26 y old) had initiated the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in 2022. Provider recommendation is the strongest predictor of HPV vaccination; however, limited studies have explored methods for training providers on making HPV vaccine recommendations to young adults. The purpose of this study was to obtain provider feedback on education materials for effective HPV vaccination recommendations to patients ages 18-26. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model, an HPV vaccine training was developed for primary care providers. Fifteen US primary care providers were recruited in 2022 for semi-structured interviews. Participants reviewed and provided feedback on the draft training. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Overall, feedback on the education materials was favorable. Participants noted learning new and useful information and appreciated the diversity of people throughout the training. General feedback included flexibility in the training format and timing due to busy schedules and providing incentives to encourage participation. There were mixed feelings toward participating in a role-play activity. Recommendations included using clear language and opportunities to make the training more persuasive. Future research is needed to refine the intervention based on provider suggestions and test the effectiveness of the intervention for improving provider recommendations for young adults.