Isolation and Identification of Multiple Nematicides Produced by Streptomyces sp. AN091965

Streptomyces are vital sources of bioactive metabolites. From Streptomyces sp. AN091965 culture extracts, seven secondary metabolites were identified. Five showed nematicidal activity: spectinabilin ( 1 ), its unprecedented derivative ( Z,E,E,Z )-spectinabilin ( 2 ), homoaureothin ( 3 ), undecylprodigiosin ( 4 ) and metacycloprodigiosin ( 5 ), while two spectinabilin derivatives, SNF 4435C ( 6 ) and SNF 4435D ( 7 ) were immunosuppressive. Subsequent biological assays demonstrated that compound 2 exhibited remarkable nematicidal activity, surpassing the commercial agent fosthiazate and showing comparable efficacy to abamectin. This study not only reports a novel nematicide but also demonstrates the strain’s unique capacity to produce multiple nematicides, serving as a promising host strain for biopesticide production.