This randomized trial shows that all positive integers converge to 1 under Collatz iterations, implying a new understanding of the conjecture.
本文提出了Collatz猜想的基本证明。我们将奇数迭代过程抽象为原子运算 X → (3X+1)/2^k,并引入“发射”和“制动”的计数框架。利用模4分类,我们推导出两种奇数类型之间的盈亏差异。我们证明,对于任意给定起始值,连续的3型段具有有限长度上界,从而获得1型数剩余步长的线性下界,进而产生指数数值压缩。结合排除非平凡循环和无界轨迹的矛盾论证,我们最终证明所有正整数在Collatz迭代下必然收敛于1。
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李建 (2026) studied this question.
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