Multi-Objective Optimization of a Rotary Vane Vacuum Pump for Vapor Recovery Based on PSO

The rotary vane vacuum pump plays a key role in the vapor recovery process at gasoline stations, where its geometric configuration directly influences system efficiency and stability. To address the limitations of conventional designs, this study develops a multi-objective optimization framework using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Under fixed chamber dimensions and specified constraints, the optimal design parameters are identified. The optimized pump achieves a 12.8% increase in average theoretical flow rate over the reference pump. Correlation analysis reveals that the exhaust port start angle has the strongest influence on performance, exhibiting a trade-off between compressed chamber pressure and exhaust pulsation. The rotor radius shows strong negative correlations with all objectives, while the intake port end angle is found to be a redundant parameter. Constraint sensitivity analysis indicates that the rotor radius and exhaust port start angle respond stably to variations in key constraints. Numerical simulations confirm a well-matched exhaust process, with the exhaust pulsation ratio minimized at an exhaust port start angle of 235°. This systematic approach provides an effective methodology for enhancing pump performance while respecting geometric constraints.