Key result
Pen-based audio-assisted education tools show high acceptability among older post-PCI adults with a 4.82 mean score.
Why the study?
This study aimed to develop a pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool and evaluate its feasibility in older adults following PCI.
A pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool demonstrated high patient satisfaction and usability for post-PCI care in older adults, though efficacy requires validation in randomized trials.
May enhance post-PCI education delivery for older adults; leaves open efficacy confirmation in randomized trials.
Objective: This study aimed to develop a pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool and evaluate its feasibility in a pilot study. Methods: In this single-arm pilot study, a literature review and guideline analysis were conducted to identify the health education needs of older adults following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Guided by geragogy principles, a health education tool comprising three modules was developed: (1) a manual integrating text, images, audio, and video for educational delivery; (2) a poster placed in visible locations to reinforce instructions related to emergency management and follow-up care; and (3) a medication box providing pen-activated audio instructions for medication administration. Following prototype development, a 4-week pilot study was conducted using convenience sampling in 20 patients after PCI. Usability, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, engagement, and applicability were assessed using questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data. Results: A pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool characterized by operational simplicity and alignment with the cognitive and physiological characteristics of older adults was developed. The 20 participants had a mean age of 71.30± 5.03 years. The overall mean item score on the 5-point questionnaire was 4.82± 0.26, with dimension scores ranging from 4.53± 0.23 (applicability) to 4.96± 0.17 (satisfaction). All patients (100%) demonstrated high applicability. Interview data indicated that audiovisual components reduced anxiety associated with memory impairment, and the medication box with audio-enabled instructions was reported to improve medication adherence. Conclusion: The pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool demonstrated preliminary feasibility and good acceptability among patients. It has the potential to address limitations of conventional education approaches and to enhance the learning experience of older adults, providing a basis for further evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Limitations include the absence of a control group and the small sample size, which preclude definitive conclusions on efficacy and needs to be further tested in a RCT format.
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Sun et al. (2026) studied Postoperative Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) (n=20). Pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool was evaluated on Overall mean item score on a 5-point questionnaire assessing usefulness, ease of use, applicability, engagement, and satisfaction. The pen-based, audio-assisted health education tool demonstrated high acceptability among older adults post-PCI, with an overall mean questionnaire score of 4.82 out of 5.
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