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Micro-multinational enterprises (micro-MNEs) are increasingly important in a disruptive, volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (DVUCA) global environment, yet little is known about how they sustain international commitment in resource-constrained emerging markets. Drawing on Upper Echelons Theory and the Resource-Based View, this study develops an integrative model where CEOs’ transformational leadership enhances international commitment through international corporate entrepreneurship (ICE), with the degree of digitalization (DoD) as a moderator. Survey data from 170 Vietnamese micro-MNEs analysed using PLS-SEM confirm that ICE significantly mediates this relationship and that high DoD amplifies the effect, offering theoretical and managerial insights.
Dung et al. (Thu,) studied this question.