Perceptions of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus about diabetes management and exercise

Purpose of Study The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences and challenges with diabetes management and physical activity faced by adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), as well as gather feedback on proposed features for a digital health tool, to inform the development of T1DM-tailored interventions. Methods US-based participants who had T1DM for at least 6 months were recruited online through social media and healthcare platforms. Data were collected through two semi-structured interviews focused on aim 1) understanding lived experiences with managing T1DM during physical exercise and the role of digital tools in exercise routines and aim 2) participant preferences on proposed digital tool features. Results Thematic data analysis revealed four major themes for aim 1: 1) lifestyle patterns, 2) motivations and barriers to exercise, 3) confidence with technology, and 4) T1DM-specific application with networking and accountability features. For aim 2, four themes were identified: 1) data interface, 2) tailored coaching and diverse representation, 3) T1DM-specific stigma, and 4) prior experience and current diabetes self-management goals. Conclusion It is essential that a digital health tool for people with T1DM offers personalized exercise support that adapts to real-time glucose measurements. The tool should provide educational content, facilitate peer interaction, and integrate with continuous glucose monitors and insulin pump technologies. By incorporating features specifically designed for the T1DM community, a digital health solution can improve diabetes management and promote an active lifestyle.