Maternal insights on infant solid food introduction: Implications for nutrition and public health

Background Early-life nutrition is critical for infant growth, development, and long-term health. National feeding guidelines such as the Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants (NHTI) recommendations aim to support optimal infant feeding. Aim To explore mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAPs) and suggestions regarding the NHTI feeding recommendations for introducing solid foods. Methods Using qualitative description, we purposefully recruited mothers ≥18 years with healthy infants ≤24 months old in Fredericton, New Brunswick. Five one-on-one semi-structured interviews and four focus groups (3–7 participants each) were conducted until data saturation. Sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, managed in NVivo 12, triangulated, and thematically analyzed. Summary Among 21 mothers, awareness of general NHTI recommendations was common, yet practical implementation was hindered by conflicting advice, uncertainty about introducing iron-rich foods and cow's milk, and limited attention to fat and caloric content. Mothers generally avoided sugar and sodium. Social determinants of health, including economic constraints, access to healthcare and reliable nutrition information, and cultural beliefs, shaped feeding practices. Participants emphasized the need for clear, accessible, and inclusive guidance, coupled with enhanced support from healthcare professionals and technology-based tools to aid nutritional decision-making. This study identifies a disconnect between knowledge of infant feeding guidelines and practical application. Findings highlight the importance of strengthening the accessibility, clarity, and practical applicability of infant feeding resources and supports. Improving dissemination and implementation strategies for the NHTI recommendations may better support families in applying evidence-based feeding guidance during early childhood.