The Pitfalls and Dangers of Idealising in Political Philosophy

Political philosophers often idealise, that is, they deliberately misrepresent. This differs from omitting, which is representing something with less detail, but without assuming any falsehood. Idealising is a tool that scholars can use to their advantage. However, idealising has pitfalls, and failing to avoid them can have dangerous consequences. Drawing on economics, where idealising is controversial, I illustrate two pitfalls of idealising in political philosophy: simplifying and distorting, and I show the different dangers that arise if these pitfalls aren’t avoided. This is not a plea against idealisations but rather a guide for their safe and secure use in political philosophy.