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This study explores the factors influencing school enrollment and dropout rates among Rwandan children, using an explanatory mixed methods design. Local youth volunteers gathered data from 3,182 children across 2,987 households in 398 villages, focusing on socio-economic factors such as asset ownership and access to utilities. The researcher established three focus groups, each consisting of ten participants from different categories. The study included 12 focus groups. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that children from well-furnished homes were significantly more likely to stay in school (B = −1.894; p < 0.01; Exp (B) = 6.647) and re-enroll after dropping out (B = 2.767; p < 0.01; Exp (B) = 1.119). Livestock ownership, while not directly linked to attendance (B = −0.028), affects re-enrollment (B = 2.992; p < 0.01; Exp (B) = 0.938). This study emphasizes the role of community-driven initiatives in boosting school enrollment and reducing dropout rates in Rwanda. It advocates the expansion of school meal programs, scholarships, and community awareness campaigns to alleviate financial burden and promote education. A comprehensive approach, including improved infrastructure, remedial programs, mental health services, and partnerships with NGOs and the private sector, is essential to support education and retention.
Nizeyimana et al. (Sun,) studied this question.