Currently, in open-pit mining, a unique and practically the only one highly efficient way to prepare rocks for excavation is to destroy them with explosive energy. However, during drilling and blasting operations, there appears a problem of anticipating the firing of borehole charges. This problem leads to a violation of the sequence of firing charges, which negatively affects the efficiency of blasting, environmental and seismic safety and worsens the development of the array, leading to an increase in the yield of oversized materials, thereby avoiding financial losses of production. The article analyses the facts of anticipatory firing of borehole charges when using emulsion intermediate detonators in the design of an emulsion explosive charge during the preparation of rock mass for excavation by the drilling and blasting method, as well as the primary factors influencing the anticipatory firing of borehole charges and methods for eliminating this problem during the preparation of rock mass for excavation by the drilling and blasting method. By the analysis of the facts of anticipatory firing of borehole charges, the authors have proposed measures to prevent the effects of an explosive wave on emulsion militants and their premature firing. These works were carried out in the quarries and sections of the Far East. When conducting experimental explosions using the developed constructions and measures, the accelerated video fixation of explosions has not detected any signs of anticipatory firing of borehole charges.
Kazarina et al. (Tue,) studied this question.