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Demonstrates improved carbon uptake in indoor environments using a modular photobioreactor.
Indoor environmental performance is commonly addressed through energy-intensive mechanical systems with limited integration into architectural components. Algae-based systems show potential for carbon uptake and environmental mediation, yet most applications focus on façade-scale or exhibition prototypes, with limited validation in interiors. This research develops AlgaMatrix, a modular interior photobioreactor conceived as an architectural component. The system cultivates Chlorella vulgaris within ultrasonically welded thermoplastic membranes supported by 3D-printed frames. Continuous fluid circulation and embedded sensing enable monitoring of biological activity and localized CO 2 variation. Computational fluid dynamics simulations informed internal channel geometry and circulation strategies to promote uniform flow and reduce sedimentation, linking digital design to fabrication constraints. A 14-day comparative experiment demonstrated sustained biomass growth in the circulating system, while a static control declined. Localized CO 2 reductions occurred during peak photosynthesis. The study establishes a reproducible framework for integrating and monitoring biological processes within fabricated architectural systems, advancing adaptive indoor ecologies.
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Zuccarelli et al. (2026) studied this question.
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