Parameter Design Method for Fuel Cell Tractors Under Uncertainty of Mass and Position

The mass and position of tractor components were unknown at the beginning of the design, making it impossible to accurately obtain parameters. To solve the problem, a mass and position co-optimization method was proposed. Firstly, a counterweight design method was used to ensure the tractor’s traction performance and operational stability. Secondly, under the premise of meeting power requirements, a power component design method was applied to match the fuel cell and motor. Then, the energy storage component design method was employed to calculate the required hydrogen tank and battery. Finally, a genetic algorithm was used to integrate the counterweight design method, power component design method, and energy storage component design method to form the mass and position co-optimization method. To verify the rationality of this method, the method was carried out under simulation of the plowing conditions. The results show that, compared with the rule design method, the fuel cell tractors using mass and equivalent hydrogen consumption were reduced by 4.37% and 3.59%, respectively, and the centroid shifted backward by 0.1 m. This method avoids unreasonable parameter design caused by unknown mass and position.