Prevalence of Complications among Saudi Males type 2 diabetic Patients in Riyadh Primary Health Care Centers, 2019

Background: In Saudi Arabia (SA), diabetes is the most challenging health problem, its prevalence is 18.5%, and ministry of health (MOH) reported that 2.7 times increase in its incidence in less than two decades, which increases diabetic complication (DC) and its medical costs.Diabetic onset and its complications can be reduced through healthy lifestyle modifications.Therefore, this study was conducted among Saudi adult diabetic type II patients T2DM in Riyadh Primary Health Care Centres PHCCs in 2019; to determine the prevalence of the DCs, to study or assess the risk factors of DC, and to study the relationship between DC and the sociodemographic characteristics. Methodology:We conduct this cross-sectional study among males with T2DM who was attending primary health care centers in Riyadh.We collected the data by face-to-face interview and from patient medical records for the one-month period.Sociodemographic, risk factors, history of diabetes and diabetic complication data were collected.The data was statistically analyzed using Excel and SPSS. Results:The number of cases includes in our study is 351 patients.The mean age of the studied patients was 61.25 years, and the majority of them were on the overweight and obese category 74.1%. the prevalence of DCs was 65.8%, and the prevalence of cardiovascular, peripheral neuropathy, ocular, psychological, diabetic foot complications, nephropathy and cerebrovascular were 47.3%, 41.9%, 30.2%, 7.7%, 7.4%, 3.1% and 2.8% respectively.The most predisposing factor increasing the chance of DCs was the age group > 60 years, smoking, physical inactivity, elevated HbA1c level, uncontrolled blood pressure and the duration of DM. Conclusion:The prevalence of chronic diabetes complications is high among Saudi male with type T2DM.The diabetic complication can be reduced or delayed through increasing physical activity, cessation of smoking and by glycemic and blood pressure control.