Addressing stochastic optimisations with control approaches in the microgrid energy management system

Microgrids have attracted a lot of attention recently as an idea that could help in improving the reliability, sustainability and efficiency of the energy system. Microgrid operation and control, however, become difficult due to the presence of stochastic distributed energy resources (DERs) along with uncertain load demand. It could be overcome through the development and application of optimal operation management strategies using stochastic optimisation tools. This article reveals the commitments behind such strategies, considering convenient probabilistic models explaining results of the literature. Further, it signifies effective trends and knowledge gaps in stochastic microgrid operation. Here, a broad review of the literature and methodologies connected to stochastic optimal operation management with uncertainty quantification has been analysed with a futuristic direction. Unlike deterministic models, stochastic models account for random variables and probability distributions, enabling sustainable and optimal microgrid operation. The comprehensive review highlights those strategies for addressing uncertainties of high solar and wind power penetration for maximum exploitation of renewable energy resources, enhancing demand management with microgrid independence and best utilisation of energy storages keeping minimum system frequency deviation for customer satisfaction. Finally, it includes the future of smart energy management in microgrid connecting real-world applications, which is essential for upcoming microgrid energy businesses.