Socioeconomic and Structural Vulnerability Risk Factors in Competitive Integrated Employment Among Autistic Youth

Background Competitively integrated employment is essential for autistic transition-aged youth, as it enhances resilience, quality of life, and long-term well-being. However, employment rates for this population remain significantly lower compared to their peers with and without disabilities due to various socioeconomic and structural risk factors. Objective This study aims to examine the socioeconomic and structural risk factors associated with employment outcomes among autistic transition-aged youth receiving Vocational Rehabilitation services. Method This study utilized the most recent U.S. Department of Education RSA-911 database. The sample included 25,319 transition-aged youth with a primary diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder who received state/Federal VR services. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify significant predictors of employment outcomes. Results The analysis identified age, gender, race, the number of VR services received, and socioeconomic challenges as significant predictors of employment. The findings also demonstrated that disparities related to race and gender interact with autism-specific support needs within VR settings. Conclusion The results highlight the need for tailored VR services for autistic transition-aged youth, including age-appropriate employment opportunities and gender-specific supports. Additionally, enhancing cultural competence in VR practice is essential to address the needs of diverse communities and reduce systemic barriers.