Demonstrates high precision and durability of a non-contact sensor for digital twin applications, indicating significant improvements in motion tracking.
Self‐powered vector angle sensors with ultrahigh durability, high precision, and directional recognition are critical for digital twin applications. Current research, however, primarily focuses on achieving simultaneous detection of rotation angle and direction, often compromise durability and accuracy. Here, we present a non‐contact self‐powered vector angle sensor (NCSP‐VAS) that overcomes this trade‐off by incorporating a bidirectional ratchet mechanism and a freestanding triboelectric layer structure. The NCSP‐VAS simultaneously monitors rotation direction and angle with exceptional durability (>10 7 cycles, ≈3300 h) and high precision (2°resolution). Unlike conventional methods that require complex signal processing, our design determines direction via signal‐source analysis and derives the angle from pulse counting. As a result, we demonstrate real‐time human joint motion tracking for somatosensory virtual reality (VR) control, as well as integration into steering systems for concurrent virtual driving simulation and detection of unsafe maneuvers (e.g., abrupt steering). These applications highlight the NCSP‐VAS's dual functionality as a biological motion monitor and an interactive control interface, underscoring its potential for digital twin and next‐generation VR/augmented reality (AR) systems.
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Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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