Global Lessons for Aedes Control in Iran in the Era of Climate Change: A Policy Brief

Aedes mosquitoes are among the most important vectors of viral diseases such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and chikungunya, imposing a substantial global health burden. Climate change, urbanization, and increased population mobility have contributed to the geographic expansion of these vectors. Given the absence of effective specific treatments and the limitations of available vaccines, vector control remains the primary prevention strategy. This study was conducted as a policy review of international evidence and national guidelines for Aedes control across different countries. Data were extracted from published studies in reputable scientific sources and analyzed within the framework of control strategies, surveillance systems, and innovative interventions. The findings showed that most countries adopt an integrated vector management approach, including larval and adult surveillance, environmental control, community education, and chemical and biological interventions. The use of novel technologies such as predictive modeling in some countries has led to a significant reduction in disease incidence. However, excessive reliance on larval surveillance, weaknesses in adult mosquito monitoring, and a lack of data integration remain important challenges. Sustainable control of Aedes-borne diseases requires a data-driven, multisectoral, and community-engaged approach, and strengthening surveillance systems and intersectoral collaboration is essential for preventing future outbreaks.