Study of Varieties and Lines of Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) On DroughtResistance in the South-East of Kazakhstan

In Kazakhstan, winter wheat is grown in the south and south-east of the country on an area of more than 520 thousand hectares.Winter wheat is grown mainly on rain-fed lands, where precipitation amounts to 180-350 mm per year.Due to climate change, wheat's drought resistance is a global problem, and despite some success, the study of individual mechanisms of winter wheat's drought resistance, the identification of genotypes with signs of drought resistance, as well as the study of their disease resistance, yield and grain quality is relevant for the republic.Field and laboratory studies of 14 genotypes of winter soft wheat for drought resistance were carried out.Correlation analysis (the relationship between traits and yield) showed that the weight of grains per plant GWP (r = 0.87) is the main factor in the yield of the winter wheat varieties and lines we studied.The number of spikelets per main spike SNMS (r = 0.75) also had a strong influence to yield.The grain weight per main spike GWMS (r = 0.69) and the weight of 1000 grains TGW (r = 0.64) also showed a high correlation with yield, but were slightly inferior to the grain weight per plant GWP.Plant height PH (r = 0.58) and number of grains per spike GNMS (r = 0.49) showed a moderate correlation with yield.In our studies, main spike length MSL (r = 0.24) did not affect yield.These parameters correlated with relative water content (RWC) in the experimental seedlings.Photosynthetic pigment content correlated with the level of water-soluble proteins under stress.Varieties and lines differed in morphology (botanical variety) did not show the same yield and its components.