Key result
Highest triglyceride glucose index quartile linked to ~187% greater hypertension risk versus the lowest.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to explore the association between the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and hypertension under different diagnostic thresholds.
Does a higher triglyceride glucose index increase the risk of hypertension in adults undergoing routine health examinations?
Cross-Sectional (n=4,028)
No
Does a higher triglyceride glucose index increase the risk of hypertension in adults undergoing routine health examinations?
The triglyceride glucose index is an independent risk factor for hypertension across different diagnostic thresholds, demonstrating a dose-response relationship.
Objective: To explore the association between triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and hypertension under different diagnostic thresholds. Methods: This study analyzed data from routine occupational health examinations conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University in 2019. TyG and TyG-BMI, indicators of insulin resistance (IR), were calculated using triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI). Hypertension was defined by thresholds of 140/90 mmHg and 130/80 mmHg. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between TyG and hypertension. Results: Among 4028 subjects, after adjusting for covariates, the risk of hypertension (diagnosed by 140/90 mmHg) was 2.87 times higher (OR=2.87, 95% CI: 2.11– 3.91) in the Q4 group of TyG compared to the Q1 group. Similarly, the risk was 8.03 times higher (OR=8.03, 95% CI: 5.05– 12.75) in the Q4 group of TyG-BMI than in the Q1 group. Furthermore, the risk of hypertension (diagnosed by 130/80 mmHg) was 2.93 times higher (OR=2.93, 95% CI: 2.34– 3.68) in the Q4 group of TyG compared to the Q1 group, and 7.12 times higher (OR=7.12, 95% CI: 5.08– 9.99) in the Q4 group of TyG-BMI than in the Q1 group. The restricted cubic spline further showed a dose-response relationship between TyG/ TyG-BMI and hypertension. In the population with a BMI of 24.0– 27.9 kg/m 2 , the risk of developing hypertension (diagnosed by 140/90 mmHg) in the Q4 group of TyG was 2.79 times higher (OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.67– 4.66), while the Q4 group with TyG had a 3.07 times greater risk of hypertension (diagnosed by 130/80 mmHg) than the Q1 group (OR=3.07, 95% CI: 2.05– 4.60). Conclusion: TyG is an independent risk factor for hypertension across different thresholds, showing a clear dose-response relationship. BMI may influence this association, emphasizing the importance of managing insulin resistance early to aid hypertension prevention.
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Hao et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=4,028). Triglyceride glucose index (TyG) vs. Lowest quartile (Q1) was evaluated on Hypertension (diagnosed by 140/90 mmHg) (OR 2.87, 95% CI 2.11-3.91, p=<0.001). The highest quartile of the triglyceride glucose index was associated with a 2.87-fold increased risk of hypertension (diagnosed by 140/90 mmHg) compared to the lowest quartile.
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