A Review of ISO 23725:2024 for Smart Mining Interoperability: Implications and Implementation Pathways in Korea

This study reviews the technical structure of ISO 23725:2024 for smart mining interoperability and discusses its potential applications in the Korean mining sector.Conventional mining operations incur high integration costs and vendor lock-in due to proprietary interfaces between Autonomous Haulage Systems (AHS) and Fleet Management Systems (FMS).To resolve this issue, ISO 23725 defines standardized interfaces for real-time communication, map sharing, dispatching, and production monitoring using WebSocket-and JSON-based event-driven architectures.Crucially, the standard formalizes system-level interactions between heterogeneous platforms without prescribing autonomous driving algorithms or safety requirements of individual equipment.Given domestic mining conditions, a phased approach is practical: utilizing the standard as a data reference for R&D test mines linked with digital twins in the short term and adopting it as a national technical guideline in the long term.This framework serves as an important technical foundation for future smart mining operations.