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Abstract Background Sclerotium rolfsii , the causal agent of peanut southern blight, has become increasingly prevalent and harmful in China, causing serious economic losses to the peanut industry. To effectively manage peanut southern blight, this study evaluated the bioactivity of the new‐generation sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide mefentrifluconazole against peanut S. rolfsii . Results In this study, the DMI fungicide mefentrifluconazole exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii , with a mean EC 50 value of 0.21 ± 0.11 mg L −1 and a range of 0.02 to 0.55 mg L −1 for 261 isolates collected from Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces. Mefentrifluconazole significantly reduced the biomass of mycelia and affected the morphology of hyphae. Although sclerotia were more tolerant to mefentrifluconazole than mycelial growth, mefentrifluconazole greatly inhibited the formation and germination of sclerotia. In addition, sclerotia produced by mefentrifluconazole‐treated mycelia were deficient in nutrients (e.g., protein, carbohydrate and lipid). These results indicated that mefentrifluconazole may reduce the population of S. rolfsii in the following year. In greenhouse experiments, mefentrifluconazole showed control efficacy and good persistence against peanut S. rolfsii . The preventative and curative activities of mefentrifluconazole at 200 mg L −1 against southern blight still reached 95.36% and 60.94%, respectively, after 9 days of application. No correlation was observed for the sensitivity of S. rolfsii to mefentrifluconazole and the tested DMI, quinone outside inhibitor and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides. Conclusion All data indicated that mefentrifluconazole could provide favorable control efficacy against S. rolfsii from peanuts and reduce the infection and population of S. rolfsii in the following year. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Han et al. (Sun,) studied this question.