How does supply chain digitalization promote corporate carbon reduction performance? An empirical study based on DID and dynamic QCA

Amid the deep integration of next-generation digital technologies and supply chain management, it is of great significance to explore how supply chain digitalization (SCD) promotes corporate carbon reduction performance. Drawing on the supply chain innovation and application pilot cities (SCIAPC) policy, this paper empirically examines the impact mechanism of SCD on carbon reduction performance from the perspective of resource orchestration theory, using the data of A-share manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2021. Meanwhile, it reveals the capability allocation paths leading to high carbon reduction performance using dynamic QCA analysis. The results show that SCD can significantly promote carbon reduction performance. Mechanism examination reveals that SCD promotes carbon reduction performance by influencing supply chain capabilities and enterprise capabilities. Dynamic QCA analysis indicates that, under the backdrop of SCD, there are two distinct paths to improving carbon reduction performance: the coordination-operational type and the integration-innovation type. This paper provides empirical evidence for promoting supply chain digital transformation and enhancing corporate carbon reduction performance, and provides theoretical support and policy recommendations for promoting the SCIAPC policy.